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Lesson Introduction

Sometimes you don't know when to use la and le as indirect and direct objects. Today we'll be discussing this important point, as well as what an artist means in Spanish. To finish up the show we're giving you some tips on extremely useful grammar structures.

Comments (44) RSS

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lilianamata says

So did we answer all your questions?

Let us know if there are any more questions about the show!

Saludos

March 3, 2010 from the Web.
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stevestr says

Equipo Spanishpod
Gracias por contestar mi pregunta en Pa’ Que Sepas.  Me Encanta este programa.  Lo siento pero ya tomamos todo el tequila que trajimos de Méjico.  Estamos planeando regresar para que podamos traer más tequila.

Thank you for answering my question and for bringing back Pa’ Que Sepas,  I love this show.  I’m sorry but we already drank all the tequila we brought from Mexico.  We’re planning to return so that we can buy more tequila.

March 3, 2010 from the Web.
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stevestr says

deleted

March 3, 2010 from the Web.
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jb71 says

I have a question for the next show-

I work in a restaurant with a bunch of Mexican guys, and sometimes they'll use just a word or two of English in a sentence, whether it's normal Spanglish or because they just don't know that particular word in Spanish- for example, they might say, '¿Se puede cocinar las wings?'  My question is this- When those of us native English speakers who aren't advanced in Spanish find ourselves in that sort of situation, where we need to use a word of English with a definite article, how can we know whether to use 'el' or 'la' and 'los' or 'las' (aside from asking the person we're talking to, which would work, but would also break the flow of conversation)?

March 3, 2010 from the Web.
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hypersport says

You can get away with either of them.  Sometimes depends on the size, an ipod for example is la.  For something bigger I might use el.  I think it comes down to how it sounds.  I've heard el chopsaw, la ipod, el primer, el planer, el jointer.  Notice the woodworking machines, my Mexican friends would almost always put el in front of them. 

I asked this same question to a Mexican once specifically about the ipod, he told me to use la but couldn't give me a rule, he said because it was so small he would use la. 

March 3, 2010 from the Web.
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lilianamata says

hypersport

In fact the iPod is masculine.

We say EL iPod, we say also el iPhone....pero decimes LA blackberry. 

jb71

We can answer you in the show. But my advise just choose one or just omit them and then if the Spanish speakers knows the word then he can tell you.

For example if you say:

No quiero comer cherries

No quiero comer las cherries. Cherries in Spanish is LA CEREZA or LAS CEREZAS.

If you say los cherries it´s incorrect but you would need the Spanish speaker to explain this to you.

So do not worry to much about this. Your friend said LAS WINGS because he knows that in Spanish WINGS is ALAS. So he used the correct one. 

 

March 3, 2010 from the Web.
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hypersport says

Thanks Lili.

It sounds better with el.

March 4, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

misma tema, otra pregunta

¿Cómo pronuncian estas palabras? -- como en inglés? (ejemplos -- eye-pahd, preye-mur) o en español (ee-pode, pree-mare)?

March 4, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

equipo spanishpod -- muchísimas gracias por la explicación sobre músico.  Antes de esta lección siempre decía que soy música.  Ahora yo sé que soy músico (no, I am definitely not music).

March 4, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

Por fin no entiendo la explicación sobre le y la.  Complemento significa object, ¿sí?  En el ejemplo la planta sería un direct object en inglés.  También aprendí que se usa la con un direct object y le con un indirect object.

March 4, 2010 from the Web.
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hypersport says

Hola hollis, we pronounce them like we do in English.  Just sometimes with sound of Spanish :)

March 4, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

hollis

as i understand these things, ie barely,
object doesnt always map to complement as there are also subject complements and object complements

however the direct and indirect objects are both verb complements,

March 4, 2010 from the Web.
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docmolly says

Hola. Me alegro de que hayas empezado de nuevo este show sobre la gramática. 

Estoy de acuerdo con Hollis. Y sí, complemento = objeto.

En las frases

"La saque al sol." La es el complemento directo del verbo sacar.

"Le puse abono." Le es el complemento indirecto del verbo poner. En este caso, el abono es el complemento directo, y "le" se refiere a la planta, el complemento indirecto. 

March 5, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

gracias, docmolly.  Te cuento - tengo un poco de miedo de la gramática, algunas veces es tan complicada.  Me gustaría olvidarla pero es importante de veras.

March 5, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

it may be that things are different in spanish but as i understand it, although the objects are complements of the verb, complements are not alway objects.

e.g. elephants make children "happy"

the direct object is always a verb complement i.e. its linked to/is part of the verb but "happy" is an object complement because its linked to/is an aspect of the object

March 5, 2010 from the Web.
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docmolly says

De nada hollis. A mi, aprender gramática me da pereza. Por eso hago podcasts sobre gramática española, usando muchos ejemplos. Esto me estimula la mente más que sólo leer sobre el tema. 

A donperigo Me parece que la manera en que Yenny usó "complemento" en este episodio significaba objeto. En español se usa "complemento" para decir objeto directo y objeto indirecto.

March 6, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

docmolly

felizmente, en esto estamos de acuerdo, y tambien creo que se puede dice asi en ingles pero hollis preguntó

Complemento significa object, ¿sí?

y creo que mientras "si" sea correcto hasta cierto punto, a mi me parece incompleta porque confunde niveles de descripción

lo siento, no era mi intencion para contradecirte sólo matizar tu repuesta y verificar que lo habia comprendido mi mismo.

 

March 6, 2010 from the Web.
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docmolly says

No te creo donperigo. Al parecer, en vez de aclarar mi respuesta, estabas tratando de confundirnos. ¿No? La gramática es suficiente compleja sin que añadas otros ejemplos del uso de la palabra "complemento."  ¡Travieso! :-)

No. De verdad, tienes un buen punto. A ver, si el equipo de SpanishPod puede hablar más sobre el uso de la palabra "complemento" con respecto a la gramática. 

March 6, 2010 from the Web.
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hypersport says

I don't know what any of that stuff means, seriously.

I only know what sounds right.  I couldn't tell you what the direct object from the indirect object is or which is the subject.

I can nail the verb though :)  jajajaja

March 6, 2010 from the Web.
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cobre says

Those are the squirmy ones, right?

March 6, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

cobre

yes and no, adjectives are squirmy as well.

all verbs are squirmy but not all things that squirm are verbs

granted its probably not the simple affirmation you were seeking but i feel it to be an important distinction and germane to your enquiry. Hopefuly this gives you a better understanding of how verbs fit into the squirm of things. it certainly helped me

docmolly

desculpame, es que no puedo ayudarme :-)

yo juro que no quiero confundir alguien, sólo quiero compartir lo que he aprendido de complementos y en concreto ¿si sean sinonimos con objetos?

He aprendido que no, no siempre, no son lo mismo.

Pero quizas tengas la razon y que, en este caso, puede ser mejor que evitemos información adicional por claridad.

Como hollis y , sospecho, la mayoria de los oyentes, prefiero mi gramatica sin términos oscuros porque siempre se acaba discutiendo los terminos de la metalengua y no la lengua si mismo.

Imaginate la cantina de los naciones unidos, es sorprende que no empiece mas guerras.

Prefiero "squirmy" y "thing" a complemento y objeto aunque son peligrosamente inexactos.

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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docmolly says

Estoy completamente de acuerdo. Cuando uno empieza a poner etiqueta a cada palabra de la oración conforme va explicando la gramática, me aburro. Mejor nos enfocamos en los conceptos más bien las etiquetas. 

I completely agree! I think the concepts are really the only thing that matters to effectively communicate, so when people start labeling every word in the sentence as they explain the grammar. I tend to turn off. Better to focus on the concepts rather than the labels. 

On that note...

Le is usually used to represent the thing/person that indirectly receives the action of the verb

Le puse abono. Here, abono directly receives the action of poner. Where as le (la planta) indirectly recieves the action of the verb poner.

Lo/La is used for the thing/person that directly receives the action of the verb. 

La saque al sol. La (la planta) directly receives the action of sacar. 

And then there's leísmo, using le to refer to people who directly receive the action of the verb. The norm in Spain, and often (but not always) used to be polite in Latin America.

Example:

¿Como le puedo ayudar? How can I help you (usted). Although you (usted) are directly receiving the action of ayudar, we are being polite and referring to you as le. In Latin America you could also ask: ¿Cómo lo/la puedo ayudar? and you'd be correct. The le just adds a little flair of politeness. 

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

gracias a hypersport y docmolly

rules can shorten learning time, but when a rule is too complicated it takes as long to learn the rule as to learn all the various cases it is supposed to cover

having said that, there are guidelines somewhere in my subconscious that I follow for direct - indirect objects and these fit well with what docmollly just explained.  Quizás era simplemente una equivocación -- intercambiaron los dos.

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

donperigo, gracias por hablar de este tema, tus comentarios son muy interesantes.  Pero no comprendé todo --

Imaginate la cantina de los naciones unidos, es sorprende que no empiece mas guerras

¿Qué significa cantina en este frase?  ¿No es lugar donde bebe cerveza?

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

hollis gracias, el gusto es mio

"Pero no comprendé todo --"

será mi español pidgin :-)   ( sorprendente)

En Inglaterra decimos canteen en vez de refectory  pero creo que se puede compar cerveza a la comedor de los naciones unidos y
creo que (lo siento)    cantina no siempre significa bar  ;-) 

pero no estoy seguro 

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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hypersport says

Hola donperigo.

I can't help it.  No lo puedo evitar.

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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cobre says

Para el amor de Felina que siempre se bailaba  en Rocita's cantinia.

El Paso, de Marty Robbins

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

 hypersport

many thanks, i was trying for  i just cant help myself which sounds potentially confusing now that i say it out loud and i can see that a literal translation  doesnt convey the same meaning.

yo no poder impidir que yo haga cosas asi

is more like it though since "I" am doing the preventing and the doing i can avoid the subjunctive which takes us to...

No lo puedo evitar ;-)

hows about:  siempre soy mi propio enimigo pesimo

cobre

sadly your link doesnt work this side of the pond :-(

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

i should probably leave this well alone but the story of emperors new clothes had a profound effect on me as a child ...

I've just listened very carefully to the dialogue and heres some highlights

le puse abono ...que le puse? ..abono
le = direct complement 5.20

direct complement of the object 5.33
what did i put? = le

la saqué al sol ..a quien saqué a la planta (5.40)
la = indirect complement. who or what did i take out to the sun

so either:

a) I have my objects mixed up

b) yenny and marco have their complements mixed up

c) spanish direct complement = english indirect object and vice verca 

so

hollis i give up, i really dont know
docmolly i agree with what you thought you heard i.e.

"La saque al sol." La es el complemento directo del verbo sacar.
"Le puse abono." Le es el complemento indirecto del verbo poner

lubluk.. watch this space.

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

great tune (El Paso) ... me da muchos recuerdos

me -- indirecto; recuerdos -- directo

jejejejeje now I'm a grammar wonk too!

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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hypersport says

Ok, when I was first learning this stuff, here's how I thought of it.

When you do something for someone or something you use le for it or for him or her.  Les for more than one.

Le voy a agregar...I'm going to add to it (doing something for the dish you're making)
Le estoy agregando...I'm adding...
Y aquí le vamos a agregar...

Le hice el trabajo más fácil...I made his work easier
Le arreglé el cuarto...I cleaned the room for her

 

So if you put the plant out in the sun, you're not doing something for it, you're doing something to it.

La puse afuera.  I put it outside.
La voy a pintar.  I'm going to paint it.

Le voy a pintar algo...I'm going to paint her something. Or I'm going to paint something for her (doing something for her)

See the difference?

That's how I looked at it instead of trying to identify all of those parts of the sentence and it was easy.  Reading books made it easier as stuff started to "sound" right and wrong. 

 

 

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

yes ... very clear hypersport

pero dónde están nuestros amigos de equipo spanishpod in all this?  quizás están pensando todavía ...

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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docmolly says

Sí, parece que el equipo de SpanishPod se equivocó cuando explicaba "la" y "le," lo cual desencadenó esta gran discusión.

De todos modos, me alegro de encontrar a otros geeks de gramática. ¡Gracias! 

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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lilianamata says

Hola a todos!

Marco y Yenny se confundieron! Lo sentimos mucho. Como bien menciona Doc Molly

"La saque al sol." La es el complemento directo del verbo sacar.

"Le puse abono." Le es el complemento indirecto del verbo poner. En este caso, el abono es el complemento directo, y "le" se refiere a la planta, el complemento indirecto. 

Perdón por la confusión ! lo bueno es que hicimos que discutieran más!

March 7, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

lillianamata

quizas podrían volver a visitar el asunto de objetos y complementos en la proxima pa que sepas. se me occure que hay miles de oyentes que nunca visitar el sitio y que pudieran estar confundidos por esto.

March 8, 2010 from the Web.
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hollis says

lillianamata

otra pregunta ... I see you used discutir in the sense of "to discuss"  Recently our spanish teacher (non-native speaker but very good) told us that discutir means to argue, and that we should use hablar instead.  This didn't seem totally right; I think discutir is at least sometimes used for discussion, as you did here ... can you (or someone) clarify this?

March 8, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

I was told it depends whether you use it transitivly sorry with a direct object sorry complement sorry with a thing or not.

vamos a discutir = we are going to argue
vamos a discutir pavo = we are going to talk turkey

which , i notice, would imply that we were arguing  :-o

i suspect its really just down to context. e.g. how do  
you know whether esperar means to wait, to hope or to expect? 

 

 

March 8, 2010 from the Web.
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docmolly says

liliana - Gracias por aclarar el asunto sobre los objetos directos y indirectos. Tal vez deban confundirse más a menudo que después de ese error ya sabemos bien la diferencia entre el complemento directo y indirecto. 

hollis - Sí, se puede usar discutir de esa manera. 

De WordReference

discutir: Examinar atenta y particularmente una materia desde diferentes puntos de vista: discutir una teoría. 

Se puede usar como "discuss," en inglés cuando estás analizando algo. 

March 8, 2010 from the Web.
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rodneyp says

Por la prómixa show, me gustaría saber la diferencia entre una pregunta y una duda.

Parece que los hispanohablantes siempre dicen "si tienes dudas...." en vez de "...tienes preguntas"

 

March 8, 2010 from the Web.
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donperigo says

rodneyp

no estoy seguro pero sospecho que es más logico que Ingles

si tiene dudas se puede hacer preguntas

si tienes preguntas eres un papel de examen o libro de enigmas  o crucigramas

claro puedes formar preguntas en tu mente, antes de expresarlos, pero quizas se queden sólo pensamientos hasta que los hables o escribes.

March 9, 2010 from the Web.
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rodneyp says

¡Gracias DonPerigo!

Tengo otras dudas para el equipo...

Pueden explicar la seguiente:

La frase "No te hagas"

Come se dice "hang out" cómo "hang out with friends"

Cómo decir myself, yourself, ourselves

¡Yo sé es mucho para un show!,  pero Gracias.  Si no pueden contestar todos, entiendo.

 

 

March 9, 2010 from the Web.
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lilianamata says

Muchas gracias por todas sus preguntas! Ya tenemos mas material para los próximos shows!

Gracias

Saludos

March 9, 2010 from the Web.
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stevestr says

hollis

I would like to point out that some Spanish speakers use “le” in place of direct object “lo”, I do not know if this is true of the direct object ”la”.  This is very common in Spain and is called Leísmo.   I mention this because it confused me when I first heard it.

March 10, 2010 from the Web.
docmolly says

The evil leísmo! I've noticed that Latin Americans will use it as well, albeit much less consistently, when being polite. Examples: ¿Cómo le puedo ayudar?; Le vamos a llevar en ambulancia al hospital; Le llamaré por teléfono.

March 12, 2010 from the Web.

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